Contesting French West Africa

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Contesting French West Africa

Battles over Schools and the Colonial Order, 1900–1950

Harry Gamble

France Overseas: Studies in Empire and Decolonization Series

378 pages
5 photographs, 6 maps, index

Hardcover

September 2017

978-0-8032-9549-0

$50.00 Add to Cart
Paperback

June 2021

978-1-4962-2597-9

$30.00 Add to Cart
eBook (PDF)

(Requires Adobe Digital Editions)

September 2017

978-1-4962-0234-5

$30.00 Add to Cart
eBook (EPUB)

(Requires Adobe Digital Editions)

September 2017

978-1-4962-0232-1

$30.00 Add to Cart
about author bio praise table of contents media awards

About the Book

After the turn of the twentieth century, schools played a pivotal role in the construction of French West Africa. But as this dynamic, deeply researched study reveals, the expanding school system also became the site of escalating conflicts. As French authorities worked to develop truncated schools for colonial “subjects,” many African students and young elites framed educational projects of their own. Weaving together a complex narrative and rich variety of voices, Harry Gamble explores the high stakes of colonial education.

With the disruptions of World War II, contests soon took on new configurations. Seeking to forestall postwar challenges to colonial rule, French authorities showed a new willingness to envision broad reforms, in education as in other areas. Exploiting the new context of the Fourth Republic and the extension of citizenship, African politicians demanded an end to separate and inferior schools. Contesting French West Africa critically examines the move toward educational integration that took shape during the immediate postwar period. Growing linkages to the metropolitan school system ultimately had powerful impacts on the course of decolonization and the making of postcolonial Africa.

 
 

Author Bio

Harry Gamble is a professor of French and francophone studies at the College of Wooster in Ohio. 

 

Praise

"This informative, accessible, and well-written book highlights the centrality of schools in matters of power and governance and offers new insights into the political views of Senghor. It will appeal to readers who have an interest in the history of modern France, the French Empire, West Africa, and colonial schooling."—Kelly M. Duke Bryant, Journal of Interdisciplinary History

"In this compelling, well-written study, Harry Gamble . . . shows that battles over schooling, either within the French colonial state or between Africans and French officials, encapsulated broader debates about the nature, purpose, and future of French rule in West Africa. . . . Gamble's periodization, eschewing the typical dividing points of 1914 and 1940, allows him to construct a nuanced picture of the ebbs and flows of French policy and African activism over time. . . . He consistently shows how colonial officials on the spot evaded or mitigated direction from the center and/or how Africans shaped the outcome of a particular policy."—Elizabeth A. Foster, International Journal of African Historical Studies

"Contesting French West Africa provides critical insight into colonial policy and practice. It will be essential reading for colonial historians, and provides critical context for readers of accounts such as the one written by Camara Laye."—Kathleen Keller, H-France Review

"This monograph does much to illuminate the connections between education and imperial politics in French West Africa, adding to a growing English language literature on the topic. Covering significant chronological reach and political depth, Contesting French West Africa suggests that those working on education in the region today would do well to examine this history."—Rachel Kantrowitz, French Politics, Culture and Society

“Contesting French West Africa . . . . [will prove] extremely valuable to scholars and students of colonial history, including those working on other regions of Africa. Gamble’s work will also be of interest to those working on postindependence constructions of language, race, education, and belonging and wishing to understand the historical context of these dynamics.”—Camille Jacob, Journal of African History

"This timely book offers readers a much-needed analysis of the role schools and schooling played in the colonial politics of French West Africa. . . . The result is a remarkably good read, where specialists gain insights from the attention paid to both sides of the colonial project, while nonspecialists are introduced to the broader context of French colonization."—Rebecca Rogers, History of Education Quarterly

"Ce livre vient à point nommé car, comme l’indique son titre . . . ce sont bien ces luttes, les controverses, les contestations, qu’il restitue avec prudence et finesse . . . Pour qui ne serait pas encore convaincu de la nécessité de dépasser l’idée qu’il a existé un (unique) « modèle républicain » de colonisation, trop souvent encore pensé sous une forme réifiée et abstraite, la lecture de Harry Gamble sera très certainement salutaire."—Marie Salaün, Genèses

"For anyone interested in the genesis and development of Western education in French West Africa, this book answers multiple questions about the rationale and articulation of colonial policies as well as the attitudes and reactions of local populations. . . . Contesting French West Africa is a must-read for Africanists and scholars of the French empire in West Africa."—Harrouna Malgoubri, H-Africa

“In his well-documented and enlightening study, Contesting French West Africa, Harry Gamble homes in on educational policy to explore the attempts to guide the federation’s development. . . . Through a focus on the struggles over education, Gamble makes visible the dynamic relationship between different power brokers in the French empire. He shows that the division between subject and citizen was not clear-cut.”—Pehr Englén, Itinerario


“Gamble’s study has many strengths. He demonstrates how . . . debates over education during the colonial period can be used as a focal point from which to understand the mechanisms of state-building, as well as contested narratives of citizenship and belonging. Another of the study’s strengths is that it explores in detail African agency, showing how Africans both engaged with and challenged the colonial government’s education plans, while also seeking to reshape them.”—Tony Chafer, Historian

Table of Contents

List of Illustrations
Acknowledgments
Introduction
1. Conflicting Visions: Framing French West Africa
2. The Lessons of War: Rethinking the Originaires
3. Toward the Interior: Rural Schools and Colonial Reform
4. Reorienting African Schoolteachers: Agents of the Future
5. Léopold Sédar Senghor and the Popular Front: New Possibilities for Reform
6. The National Revolution in AOF: Debating the Future during the War Years
7. Gaullist Hesitations: From the Brazzaville Conference to the Liberation
8. The Education of African “Citizens”: Struggles over Integration
Epilogue
Notes
Bibliography
Index

Media

Listen to an interview with the author on New Books Network.

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